深度学习对组织病理学整体幻灯片图像（WSIS）的应用持有提高诊断效率和再现性，但主要取决于写入计算机代码或购买商业解决方案的能力。我们介绍了一种使用自由使用，开源软件（Qupath，DeepMib和Spenthology）的无代码管道，用于创建和部署基于深度学习的分段模型，以进行计算病理学。我们展示了从结肠粘膜中分离上皮的用例的管道。通过使用管道的主动学习开发，包括140苏木蛋白 - 曙红（HE） - 染色的WSI（HE）-SIN（HE）-SIOS和111个CD3免疫染色体活检WSIS的数据集。在36人的持有试验组上，21个CD3染色的WSIS在上皮细分上实现了96.6％的平均交叉口96.6％和95.3％。我们展示了病理学家级分割准确性和临床可接受的运行时间绩效，并显示了没有编程经验的病理学家可以仅使用自由使用软件为组织病理WSIS创建近最先进的分段解决方案。该研究进一步展示了开源解决方案的强度在其创建普遍的开放管道的能力中，其中培训的模型和预测可以无缝地以开放格式导出，从而在外部解决方案中使用。所有脚本，培训的型号，视频教程和251个WSI的完整数据集在https://github.com/andreped/nocodeSeg中公开可用，以加速在该领域的研究。

组织病理学癌症诊断已经变得更加复杂，并且越来越多的活组织检查是大多数病理实验室的挑战。因此，用于评估组织病理学癌细胞的自动化方法的发展是值。在这项研究中，我们使用了来自挪威队的624个整个乳腺癌（WSIS）乳腺癌。我们提出了一种级联卷积神经网络设计，称为H2G-NET，用于千兆子宫内病理学图像的语义分割。该设计涉及使用PATCH-WISE方法的检测阶段，以及使用卷积AutoEncoder的细化阶段。为了验证设计，我们进行了一个消融研究，以评估所选组分在管道上对肿瘤分割的影响。指导分割，使用等级取样和深热敷细化，在分割组织病理学图像时被证明是有益的。当使用细化网络后，我们发现了一种显着的改进，以便后处理产生的肿瘤分割热量。整体最佳设计在90个WSIS的独立测试集中实现了0.933的骰子得分。该设计表现优于单分辨率方法，例如使用MobileNetv2（0.872）和低分辨率U-Net（0.874）的聚类引导，Patch-Wise高分辨率分类。此外，代表性X400 WSI的分割〜58秒，仅使用CPU。调查结果展示了利用细化网络来改善修补程序预测的潜力。解决方案是有效的，不需要重叠的补丁推断或合并。此外，我们表明，可以使用随机采样方案训练深度神经网络，该方案同时在多个不同的标签上余下，而无需在磁盘上存储斑块。未来的工作应涉及更有效的补丁生成和采样，以及改进的聚类。

Riemannian geometry provides powerful tools to explore the latent space of generative models while preserving the inherent structure of the data manifold. Lengths, energies and volume measures can be derived from a pullback metric, defined through the immersion that maps the latent space to the data space. With this in mind, most generative models are stochastic, and so is the pullback metric. Manipulating stochastic objects is strenuous in practice. In order to perform operations such as interpolations, or measuring the distance between data points, we need a deterministic approximation of the pullback metric. In this work, we are defining a new metric as the expected length derived from the stochastic pullback metric. We show this metric is Finslerian, and we compare it with the expected pullback metric. In high dimensions, we show that the metrics converge to each other at a rate of $\mathcal{O}\left(\frac{1}{D}\right)$.

Insects as pollinators play a key role in ecosystem management and world food production. However, insect populations are declining, calling for a necessary global demand of insect monitoring. Existing methods analyze video or time-lapse images of insects in nature, but the analysis is challenging since insects are small objects in complex and dynamic scenes of natural vegetation. The current paper provides a dataset of primary honeybees visiting three different plant species during two months of summer-period. The dataset consists of more than 700,000 time-lapse images from multiple cameras, including more than 100,000 annotated images. The paper presents a new method pipeline for detecting insects in time-lapse RGB-images. The pipeline consists of a two-step process. Firstly, the time-lapse RGB-images are preprocessed to enhance insects in the images. We propose a new prepossessing enhancement method: Motion-Informed-enhancement. The technique uses motion and colors to enhance insects in images. The enhanced images are subsequently fed into a Convolutional Neural network (CNN) object detector. Motion-Informed-enhancement improves the deep learning object detectors You Only Look Once (YOLO) and Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNN). Using Motion-Informed-enhancement the YOLO-detector improves average micro F1-score from 0.49 to 0.71, and the Faster R-CNN-detector improves average micro F1-score from 0.32 to 0.56 on the our dataset. Our datasets are published on: https://vision.eng.au.dk/mie/

In today's uncertain and competitive market, where enterprises are subjected to increasingly shortened product life-cycles and frequent volume changes, reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS) applications play a significant role in the manufacturing industry's success. Despite the advantages offered by RMS, achieving a high-efficiency degree constitutes a challenging task for stakeholders and decision-makers when they face the trade-off decisions inherent in these complex systems. This study addresses work tasks and resource allocations to workstations together with buffer capacity allocation in RMS. The aim is to simultaneously maximize throughput and minimize total buffer capacity under fluctuating production volumes and capacity changes while considering the stochastic behavior of the system. An enhanced simulation-based multi-objective optimization (SMO) approach with customized simulation and optimization components is proposed to address the abovementioned challenges. Apart from presenting the optimal solutions subject to volume and capacity changes, the proposed approach support decision-makers with discovered knowledge to further understand the RMS design. In particular, this study presents a problem-specific customized SMO combined with a novel flexible pattern mining method for optimizing RMS and conducting post-optimal analyzes. To this extent, this study demonstrates the benefits of applying SMO and knowledge discovery methods for fast decision-support and production planning of RMS.

Adaptation-relevant predictions of climate change are often derived by combining climate models in a multi-model ensemble. Model evaluation methods used in performance-based ensemble weighting schemes have limitations in the context of high-impact extreme events. We introduce a locally time-invariant model evaluation method with focus on assessing the simulation of extremes. We explore the behaviour of the proposed method in predicting extreme heat days in Nairobi.

This paper presents an accurate, highly efficient, and learning-free method for large-scale odometry estimation using spinning radar, empirically found to generalize well across very diverse environments -- outdoors, from urban to woodland, and indoors in warehouses and mines - without changing parameters. Our method integrates motion compensation within a sweep with one-to-many scan registration that minimizes distances between nearby oriented surface points and mitigates outliers with a robust loss function. Extending our previous approach CFEAR, we present an in-depth investigation on a wider range of data sets, quantifying the importance of filtering, resolution, registration cost and loss functions, keyframe history, and motion compensation. We present a new solving strategy and configuration that overcomes previous issues with sparsity and bias, and improves our state-of-the-art by 38%, thus, surprisingly, outperforming radar SLAM and approaching lidar SLAM. The most accurate configuration achieves 1.09% error at 5Hz on the Oxford benchmark, and the fastest achieves 1.79% error at 160Hz.

Biological cortical networks are potentially fully recurrent networks without any distinct output layer, where recognition may instead rely on the distribution of activity across its neurons. Because such biological networks can have rich dynamics, they are well-designed to cope with dynamical interactions of the types that occur in nature, while traditional machine learning networks may struggle to make sense of such data. Here we connected a simple model neuronal network (based on the 'linear summation neuron model' featuring biologically realistic dynamics (LSM), consisting of 10 of excitatory and 10 inhibitory neurons, randomly connected) to a robot finger with multiple types of force sensors when interacting with materials of different levels of compliance. Scope: to explore the performance of the network on classification accuracy. Therefore, we compared the performance of the network output with principal component analysis of statistical features of the sensory data as well as its mechanical properties. Remarkably, even though the LSM was a very small and untrained network, and merely designed to provide rich internal network dynamics while the neuron model itself was highly simplified, we found that the LSM outperformed these other statistical approaches in terms of accuracy.

Recent 3D-based manipulation methods either directly predict the grasp pose using 3D neural networks, or solve the grasp pose using similar objects retrieved from shape databases. However, the former faces generalizability challenges when testing with new robot arms or unseen objects; and the latter assumes that similar objects exist in the databases. We hypothesize that recent 3D modeling methods provides a path towards building digital replica of the evaluation scene that affords physical simulation and supports robust manipulation algorithm learning. We propose to reconstruct high-quality meshes from real-world point clouds using state-of-the-art neural surface reconstruction method (the Real2Sim step). Because most simulators take meshes for fast simulation, the reconstructed meshes enable grasp pose labels generation without human efforts. The generated labels can train grasp network that performs robustly in the real evaluation scene (the Sim2Real step). In synthetic and real experiments, we show that the Real2Sim2Real pipeline performs better than baseline grasp networks trained with a large dataset and a grasp sampling method with retrieval-based reconstruction. The benefit of the Real2Sim2Real pipeline comes from 1) decoupling scene modeling and grasp sampling into sub-problems, and 2) both sub-problems can be solved with sufficiently high quality using recent 3D learning algorithms and mesh-based physical simulation techniques.

我们提出了一种拓扑优化的样品深度学习策略。我们的端到端方法受到监督，包括基于物理学的预处理和模棱两可的网络。我们分析了深度学习管道的不同组成部分如何通过大规模比较影响所需的培训样品的数量。结果表明，包括物理概念不仅会极大地提高样本效率，还可以提高预测的身体正确性。最后，我们发布了两个拓扑优化数据集，其中包含问题和相应的地面真相解决方案。我们相信这些数据集将提高该领域的可比性和未来进度。